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Residue analysis of multi‐class pesticides in watermelon by LC‐MS/MS
Author(s) -
Park Semin,
Lee Sung Joong,
Kim Hae Gyeong,
Jeong Won Young,
Shim JaeHan,
Abd ElAty A. M.,
Jeong Sung Woo,
Lee Won Sup,
Kim Soo Taek,
Shin Sung Chul
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of separation science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.72
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1615-9314
pISSN - 1615-9306
DOI - 10.1002/jssc.200900644
Subject(s) - pesticide , pesticide residue , chemistry , ammonium formate , chromatography , residue (chemistry) , chlorpyrifos , toxicology , mass spectrometry , agronomy , biology , organic chemistry
As watermelon is farmed primarily by protected and successive cultivation techniques, a number of pesticides are required for the control of pests and diseases. To evaluate the harmful effects of pesticides in watermelon and to guarantee consumers' safety, a rapid screening process for pesticides is required. A LC‐MS/MS method was applied for the direct quantitation of 44 pesticide residues in watermelon. A Zorbax XDB‐C 18 column was selected for analysis, with a mobile phase consisting of a gradient system of water and 5 mM methanolic ammonium formate. MS/MS experiments were performed in ESI positive ion and multiple reaction monitoring modes. The LOQs were in the range of 1–26 μg/kg, thereby indicating good sensitivity. Most of the recoveries ranged between 70–131% with RSDs≤20%. We suggested that the amount of pesticide residues such as pyroquilon (pyn), boscalid (bd), and dimethomorph (di) in amides ( AM ) and cinosulfuron (ci) in ureas ( UR ) may have been overestimated for the pesticides owing to increased α‐error risk, whereas the amounts of pesticide residues, such as imibenconazole (ie) in the triazoles ( TR ) and fenpyroximate (fee) in the imidazoles ( IM ), may have been underestimated as the result of increased β‐error risk. The current method allowed for the rapid quantitation and identification of low pesticide levels in the watermelon samples. No pesticide residues were detected in any of the surveyed watermelons obtained from eight local markets in the Republic of Korea. Statistical analysis of the recoveries classified the 44 pesticides into nine groups and three overall categories.