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Effects of variation in modulator temperature during cryogenic modulation in comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography
Author(s) -
Begnaud Frédéric,
Debonneville Christian,
Probst JeanPierre,
Chaintreau Alain,
Morrison Paul D.,
Adcock Jacqui L.,
Marriott Philip J.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of separation science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.72
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1615-9314
pISSN - 1615-9306
DOI - 10.1002/jssc.200900290
Subject(s) - trapping , volatility (finance) , chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , two dimensional gas , atmospheric temperature range , chromatography , trap (plumbing) , gas chromatography , modulation (music) , time constant , constant (computer programming) , range (aeronautics) , materials science , thermodynamics , environmental science , philosophy , environmental engineering , ecology , computer science , financial economics , engineering , composite material , biology , programming language , physics , electrical engineering , economics , aesthetics
Many modulation systems in comprehensive 2D GC (GC×GC) are based on cryogenic methods. High trapping temperatures in these systems can result in ineffective trapping of the more volatile compounds, whilst temperatures that are too low can prevent efficient remobilisation of some compounds. To better understand the trapping and release of compounds over a wide range of volatilities, we have investigated a number of different constant temperature modulator settings, and have also examined a constant temperature differential between the cryo‐trap and the chromatographic oven. These investigations have led us to modify the temperature regulation capabilities of the longitudinally modulated cryogenic system (LMCS). In contrast to the current system, where the user sets a constant temperature for the cooling chamber, the user now sets the temperature difference between the cryo‐trap and the chromatographic oven. In this configuration, the cooling chamber temperature increases during the chromatographic run, tracking the oven temperature ramp. This produces more efficient, volatility‐dependent modulation, and increases the range of volatile compounds that can be analysed under optimal trap‐and‐release conditions within a single analytical run. This system also reduces cryogenic fluid consumption.