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Determination of pharmaceuticals in drinking water by CD‐modified MEKC: Separation optimization using experimental design
Author(s) -
Drover Vincent J.,
Bottaro Christina S.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of separation science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.72
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1615-9314
pISSN - 1615-9306
DOI - 10.1002/jssc.200800337
Subject(s) - chemistry , chromatography , detection limit , naproxen , propylparaben , analyte , ketoprofen , flumequine , enrofloxacin , medicine , biochemistry , alternative medicine , food science , pathology , ciprofloxacin , preservative , methylparaben , antibiotics
A suite of 12 widely used pharmaceuticals (ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, bezafibrate, gemfibrozil, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, carbamazepine, primidone, sulphamethazine, sulphadimethoxine and sulphamethoxazole) commonly found in environmental waters were separated by highly sulphated CD‐modified MEKC (CD‐MEKC) with UV detection. An experimental design method, face‐centred composite design, was employed to minimize run time without sacrificing resolution. Using an optimized BGE composed of 10 mM ammonium hydrogen phosphate, pH 11.5, 69 mM SDS, 6 mg/mL sulphated β‐CD and 8.5% v/v isopropanol, a separation voltage of 30 kV and a 48.5 cm×50 μm id bare silica capillary at 30°C allowed baseline separation of the 12 analytes in a total analysis time of 6.7 min. Instrument LODs in the low milligram per litre range were obtained, and when combined with offline preconcentration by SPE, LODs were between 4 and 30 μg/L.