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The application of small porous particles, high temperatures, and high pressures to generate very high resolution LC and LC/MS separations
Author(s) -
Plumb Robert,
Mazzeo Jeff R.,
Grumbach Eric S.,
Rainville Paul,
Jones Michael,
Wheat Tom,
Neue Uwe D.,
Smith Brian,
Johnson Kelly A.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of separation science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.72
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1615-9314
pISSN - 1615-9306
DOI - 10.1002/jssc.200600492
Subject(s) - resolution (logic) , analyte , chromatography , elution , chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , operating temperature , mass spectrometry , viscosity , selectivity , porosity , materials science , thermodynamics , biochemistry , physics , organic chemistry , artificial intelligence , computer science , composite material , catalysis
The effect of combining sub‐2 μm porous particles with elevated operating temperatures on chromatographic performance has been investigated in terms of chromatographic efficiency, productivity, peak elution order, and observed operating pressure. The use of elevated temperature in LC does not increase the obtainable performance but allows the same performance to be obtained in less time. Increasing the column temperature did allow the use of longer columns, generating column efficiencies in excess of 100 000 plates and gradient peak capacities approaching 1000. Raising the temperature increased the optimal mobile phase linear velocity, negating somewhat the pressure benefits observed by reducing the solvent viscosity. When operating at higher temperature the analyte retention is not only reduced, but the order of elution will also often change. High temperature separations allowed exotic organic modifiers such as isopropanol to be exploited for alternative selectivity and faster analysis. Finally, care must be taken when using high temperature separations to ensure that the narrow peak widths produced do not compromise the quality of data obtained from detectors such as high resolution mass spectrometers.