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New approach to large‐volume injection in reversed‐phase high performance liquid chromatography: Determination of atrazine and hydroxyatrazine in soil samples
Author(s) -
Hutta Milan,
Chalányová Mária,
Halko Radoslav,
Góra Róbert,
Rybár Ivan,
Pajchl Marek,
Dokupilová Svetlana
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of separation science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.72
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1615-9314
pISSN - 1615-9306
DOI - 10.1002/jssc.200600049
Subject(s) - high performance liquid chromatography , chromatography , atrazine , chemistry , volumetric flow rate , volume (thermodynamics) , analyte , pesticide , physics , quantum mechanics , agronomy , biology
A well established method of direct injection of larger than conventional sample volumes ranging from 0.1 mL to 10 mL in HPLC is the injection valve method in which a loop of tubing is totally or partially filled with sample. Recent HPLC pumps have a flow‐rate setting accuracy of ±1–2% over a flow‐rate range from 0.1 mL/min to 10 mL/min and the flow stability is 0.2% or less. Quarternary low pressure gradient pumps are widely available and used, but all their hydraulic lines are seldom utilised. The idea of using one line of a common commercial HPLC quaternary low‐pressure pump for direct on‐column injection (pumping) of large sample volumes ranging from 1 mL to 100 mL was tested. This approach was evaluated during practical work on the development of an RP‐HPLC method of determination of residual atrazine and hydroxyatrazine. In lysimetric environmental experiments hydroxyatrazine was formed in situ in a soil column by hydrolysis of atrazine. The results proved the applicability of this approach not only in experiments with model mixtures of analytes at μg/L levels in solutions. Analysis of 20 mL of soil leachates and extracts of soil samples containing atrazine and hydroxyatrazine at the 10 μg/kg level (in dry soil) revealed that good figures‐of‐merit were preserved, even in the presence of a large excess of humic substances.