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Intraoperative irradiation in a rat model: Histopathological changes in irradiated segments of duodenum
Author(s) -
Poulakos Lawrence,
Elwell James H.,
Osborne James W.,
Urdaneta Luis F.,
HauerJensen Martin,
Vigliotti Antonio P.,
Hussey David H.,
Summers Robert W.
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
journal of surgical oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.201
H-Index - 111
eISSN - 1096-9098
pISSN - 0022-4790
DOI - 10.1002/jso.2930380216
Subject(s) - duodenum , medicine , irradiation , crypt , fibrosis , nuclear medicine , animal model , pathology , radiation therapy , epithelium , anatomy , radiology , surgery , physics , nuclear physics
Abstract During intraoperative radiation therapy for carcinoma of the head of the pancreas in humans, a portion of duodenum is often at risk for radiation‐induced complications because of its fixed anatomical position within the treatment field. This study was undertaken to determine the feasibility of using the rat as a model to determine the radiotolerance of normal mammalian duodenum. The procedures used to exteriorize and irradiate a selected segment of duodenum are described. Histopathologic changes in 5‐cm segments of midduodenum were studied 14 and 28 days after 0, 30, 40, or 50 Gy X‐radiation. Complete denudation of the epithelium and thickening of the muscularis and serosal layers occurred in all irradiated segments by day 14. By day 28, even though crypt and villus architectures were atypical, large areas of epithelial regeneration were seen in rats receiving 30 Gy. In contrast, complete denudation of the epithelium were still evident along most of the length of the irradiated segments in rats receiving 40 or 50 Gy. Serosal fibrosis was prominent in all irradiated animals, regardless of dose. These results indicate that radiation doses above 30 Gy carry high risks of complications. The rat is considered a suitable animal model.