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Effects of irradiation on malignant cell cytoplasm
Author(s) -
Barone Robert M.,
Das Gupta Tap As K.
Publication year - 1972
Publication title -
journal of surgical oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.201
H-Index - 111
eISSN - 1096-9098
pISSN - 0022-4790
DOI - 10.1002/jso.2930040310
Subject(s) - basophilia , irradiation , cytoplasm , radiosensitivity , acid phosphatase , medicine , alkaline phosphatase , population , succinate dehydrogenase , nuclear medicine , pathology , andrology , enzyme , biology , radiation therapy , biochemistry , physics , environmental health , nuclear physics
Walker‐256 carcinoma was transplanted subcutaneously in the dorsum of male Sprague‐Dawley rats weighing 100 to 120 gm. The tumors were allowed to grow to 1 cm in diameter. The animals were divided into experimental and control groups. The tumors in the experimental animals were irradiated shielding the rest of the animals, the dose ranging from 50 to 2,000 rads. Specimens were dissected from the irradiated tumors at intervals of 1, 2, 4, 12, 24, and 48 hours, and one week and two weeks after irradiation, and from the control animals at the same intervals. Light microscopy showed no cytoplasmic changes in the irradiated group when the dose was less than 500 rads. With 1,000‐ and 2,000‐rad doses the nuclear profile changed and cytoplasmic basophilia was diminished. Enzyme histochemical studies showed diminution of succinic dehydrogenase and coenzyme I and II as the dose was increased to 2,000 rads, starting 24 hours after irradiation, with marked diminution on the seventh day. The hydrolytic enzyme activities were not altered with a dose up to 1,000 rads. With a 2,000‐rad dose, diminution of acid phosphatase activity was seen one week after irradiation. The cytoplasm of the tumor cells in the irradiated group showed diminution in the mitochondrial and microsomal population, most marked when the dosage was increased to 2,000 rads, and one week after irradiation. On the basis of our results it can be proposed that radiosensitivity of a malignant cell in an experimental system is largely dependent on the cytoplasmic organelles.