Premium
The pancreatic cancer microenvironment: A true double agent
Author(s) -
Melstrom Laleh G.,
Salazar Marcela D.,
Diamond Don J.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of surgical oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.201
H-Index - 111
eISSN - 1096-9098
pISSN - 0022-4790
DOI - 10.1002/jso.24643
Subject(s) - desmoplasia , pancreatic cancer , medicine , extracellular matrix , tumor microenvironment , cancer research , chemokine , ctgf , angiogenesis , immune system , chemokine receptor , growth factor , immunology , cancer , receptor , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
The tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer is a complex balance of pro‐ and anti‐tumor components. The dense desmoplasia consists of immune cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, cytokines, and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF) or pancreatic stellate cells (PSC). There are a multitude of targets including hyaluronan, angiogenesis, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), CD40, chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR‐4), immunotherapy, and Vitamin D. The developing clinical therapeutics will be reviewed.