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Feasibility study on direct fermentation of soybean meal by Bacillus stearothermophilus under non‐sterile conditions
Author(s) -
Wu Ping,
Guo Yiting,
Golly Moses Kwaku,
Ma Haile,
He Ronghai,
Luo Shilong,
Zhang Cheng,
Zhang Liuping,
Zhu Jinhua
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/jsfa.9542
Subject(s) - soybean meal , fermentation , food science , chemistry , dpph , solid state fermentation , biochemistry , antioxidant , raw material , organic chemistry
BACKGROUND To evaluate the feasibility of high‐temperature solid‐state fermentation (SSF) using soybean meal (SBM) during the non‐sterile process, Bacillus stearothermophilus was employed to assess the nutritional quality and bioactivity of SBM after fermentation. RESULTS The fermented SBM (FSBM) without autoclaving showed significant improvements in nutritional quality and bioactivity. The contents of peptides and crude and soluble proteins increased by 131.21%, 5.3% and 15.52%, respectively. Meanwhile, DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) scavenging ability, reducing ability and hydroxyl free radical‐scavenging activity rose by 57.07%, 238.92% and 368.26%, respectively. The inhibitory activity of angiotensin I‐converting enzyme increased from 1.43 ± 0.83% to 26.89 ± 1.03%, while the trypsin inhibitor activity decreased by 74.05%. The contents of neutral and alkaline proteases and the growth of microorganisms in FSBM without autoclaving were higher and better than in steam‐treated FSBM. After steam treatment, the water‐holding capacity of SBM decreased, and a high crosslink density was observed on the surface of SBM particles. CONCLUSIONS It is feasible to ferment SBM by high‐temperature SSF using B. stearothermophilus under non‐sterile conditions. Adverse effects of SSF using sterile SBM might be owing to the low water‐holding capacity caused by autoclaving. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry