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Dietary nutrient levels alter the metabolism of arginine family amino acids in the conceptus of Huanjiang mini‐pigs
Author(s) -
Duan Yehui,
Zhao Yue,
Zhu Qian,
Cai Qiaoli,
Li Huawei,
Yin Yulong,
Wang Zhanbin,
Kong Xiangfeng
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/jsfa.9405
Subject(s) - conceptus , arginine , nutrient , metabolism , amino acid , chemistry , biology , food science , biochemistry , pregnancy , ecology , gestation , genetics
Abstract BACKGROUND The arginine family amino acids (AFAAs) exert important roles in the metabolism, growth and development of the conceptus. However, to date, few studies have investigated the effects of maternal nutrient levels on the concentrations and metabolism of AFAAs in the conceptus. RESULTS Compared to low nutrient diets, high nutrient diets increased ( P < 0.05) the concentrations of citrulline and proline (Pro) in plasma; the concentrations of arginine, glutamine, Pro and ornithine (Orn) in the amniotic fluid; and the concentrations of all detected AFAAs in the allantoic fluid, which were most pronounced on day 45 of pregnancy. High nutrient diets upregulated ( P < 0.05) mRNA expression of arginase I ( Arg I ), Pro oxidase and spermidine synthetase ( SRM ) in the fetal placenta, as well as Arg II , SRM and spermine synthetase ( SMS ) expression in the fetal liver (most pronounced on day 45 of pregnancy). The same effect was observed for mRNA expression of NO synthase and Orn aminotransferase ( OAT ), mainly on day 110 of pregnancy, and for mRNA expression of Arg I , Arg II , OAT , Orn decarboxylase and SMS throughout pregnancy. High nutrient diets upregulated ( P < 0.05) mRNA expression of Y + L‐type amino acid transporter ( LAT ) and cationic amino acid transporter 1 ( CAT1 ) in the fetal jejunum throughout pregnancy. Dietary treatments did not affect ( P > 0.05) mRNA expression of Y + LAT1 , sodium‐coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 ( SNAT2 ) and CAT1 in the fetal placenta, skeletal muscle and colon. CONCLUSION High nutrient diets increased the concentration and transport of AFAAs in the mothers and conceptus, which likely improves growth and development of the conceptus. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry