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Formation of macromolecules in wheat gluten/starch mixtures during twin‐screw extrusion: effect of different additives
Author(s) -
Wang Kaiqiang,
Li Cheng,
Wang Bingzhi,
Yang Wen,
Luo Shuizhong,
Zhao Yanyan,
Jiang Shaotong,
Mu Dongdong,
Zheng Zhi
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/jsfa.8392
Subject(s) - extrusion , gluten , food science , starch , chemistry , microstructure , maillard reaction , wheat starch , extrusion cooking , macromolecule , solubility , wheat gluten , plant protein , chemical engineering , materials science , organic chemistry , biochemistry , crystallography , composite material , engineering
BACKGROUND Wheat gluten comprises a good quality and inexpensive vegetable protein with an ideal amino acid composition. To expand the potential application of wheat gluten in the food industry, the effect of different additives on the physicochemical and structural properties of wheat gluten/starch mixtures during twin‐screw extrusion was investigated. RESULTS Macromolecules were observed to form in wheat gluten/starch mixtures during twin‐screw extrusion, which may be attributed to the formation of new disulfide bonds and non‐covalent interactions, as well as Maillard reaction products. Additionally, the water retention capacity and in vitro protein digestibility of all extruded wheat gluten/starch products significantly increased, whereas the nitrogen solubility index and free sulfhydryl group ( SH ) content decreased, during twin‐screw extrusion. Secondary structural analysis showed that α ‐helices disappeared with the concomitant increase of antiparallel β ‐sheets, demonstrating the occurrence of protein aggregation. Microstructures suggested that the irregular wheat gluten granular structure was disrupted, with additive addition favoring transformation into a more layered or fibrous structure during twin‐screw extrusion. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study demonstrate that extrusion might affect the texture and quality of extruded wheat gluten‐based foods and suggest that this process might serve as a basis for the high‐value application of wheat gluten products. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry