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Factors influencing gelation properties of corn germ proteins
Author(s) -
Sun Xiang Dong,
Shi Dan,
Lan Yu,
Yao Xin Miao,
Zhang Rui Ying,
Zhang Ying Lei,
Su Ping,
Shan Hong
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/jsfa.8304
Subject(s) - chemistry , rheology , isoelectric point , sodium , rheometer , germ , ingredient , chromatography , viscosity , chemical engineering , food science , biochemistry , materials science , organic chemistry , engineering , composite material , biology , enzyme , microbiology and biotechnology
BACKGROUND As a by‐product of the oil industry, corn germ meal is mainly applied as a high‐protein ingredient in animal feeds, without any application of the specific functional properties of corn germ protein ( CGP ). Factors influencing the gelation properties of CGP in relation to its dynamic rheology are still unclear owing to limited information. RESULTS CGP concentrate was recovered by the isoelectric precipitation method, and factors affecting its gelation properties were investigated using a rheometer. A weak gel formed at natural pH with 0.3 mol L −1 NaCl , and the minimum gel‐forming concentration was observed at 150 g kg −1 . Higher CGP protein concentrations induced stiffer gels, and linear relationships were found between protein concentration and gel stiffness ( G ′) as well as between protein concentration and gel viscosity ( G ″). Lower heating and cooling rate promoted the formation of stiffer gels. CGP gelation was both NaCl ‐ and pH ‐dependent. Sodium tripolyphosphate significantly increased gel stiffness with increasing concentration. No difference in gel elasticity (tan δ ) was observed with the inclusion of various concentrations of sodium tripolyphosphate or sodium polyphosphate. CONCLUSION Heating and cooling rate, NaCl , protein concentration, pH and phosphates all impact the gel‐forming ability of CGP concentrate. Desired gel properties can be obtained through adjustment of these factors. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry