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γ‐Oryzanol, tocol and mineral compositions in different grain fractions of giant embryo rice mutants
Author(s) -
Jeng Toong Long,
Shih Yi Ju,
Ho Pei Tzu,
Lai Chia Chi,
Lin Yu Wen,
Wang Chang Sheng,
Sung Jih Min
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/jsfa.4728
Subject(s) - embryo , bran , mutant , brown rice , biology , food science , cultivar , chemistry , botany , biochemistry , gene , raw material , genetics , ecology
BACKGROUND: Rice embryo is concentrated with lipid, protein and some bioactive chemicals. Two rice mutants IR64‐GE and TNG71‐GE (M7 generation) were characterised by an enlarged embryo compared with their wild types. In the present study, distributions of protein, lipid, total phenolics, γ‐oryzanol, tocols and some essential minerals in these two giant embryo mutants and their respective normal embryo wild types IR64 and TNG71 were compared. RESULTS: The embryo dry weights of giant embryo mutants IR64‐GE and TNG71‐GE were 0.92 and 1.32 mg per seed respectively. These values were higher than those of their respective normal embryo genotypes (0.50 and 0.62 mg per seed). Large variations in protein, lipid, phenolic, γ‐oryzanol, tocol and minerals levels were found between mutant and wild‐type pairs. The brown rice of TNG71‐GE had higher total γ‐oryzanol (average of 24% increase) and total tocol (average of 75% increase) levels than TNG71, IR64 and IR64‐GE. CONCLUSION: The embryo and bran parts of giant embryo mutant TNG71‐GE were found to be good sources of vitamin E and γ‐oryzanol. Therefore it could be used to produce high‐value by‐products from milled embryo and bran parts and as a genetic resource for rice improvement programmes. TNG71‐GE can also be used as a nutrient‐fortified rice cultivar. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry