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Biodegradation of plant cell walls, wall carbohydrates, and wall aromatics in wheat grown in ambient or enriched CO 2 concentrations
Author(s) -
Akin Danny E,
Rigsby Luanne L,
Gamble Gary R,
Morrison W Herbert,
Kimball Bruce A,
Pinter Paul J,
Wall Gary W,
Garcia Richard L,
Lamorte Robert L
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/jsfa.2740670318
Subject(s) - phanerochaete , biodegradation , chrysosporium , lignin , chemistry , cell wall , plant stem , food science , dry weight , botany , organic chemistry , biology , biochemistry
Mature internodes from wheat ( Triticum aestivum L) grown in control (ambient at c 370 μnol mol −1 ) or enriched (to 550 μmol mol −1 ) concentrations of atmospheric CO 2 in the free‐air CO 2 enrichment (FACE) system were analyzed for potential changes in biodegradation of constituents due to predicted increases in atmospheric levels of CO 2 . The first internodes below the grain were incubated with the lignocellulose‐degrading white rot fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium K‐3, or incubated without microorganisms. Plant samples were then analyzed for dry weight loss, disposition of specific cell types to biodegradation using electron microscopy, carbohydrates and lignin using solid state NMR spectroscopy, and ester‐and ether‐linked aromatics using gas chromatography. Phanerochaete chrysosporium extensively degraded stems cells ( c 75%) and both carbohydrate and aromatic portions of the wheat stems; proportionately more carbohydrates were removed by the fungus from the stems. Enriched CO 2 did not affect the chemical composition of wheat stems or the biodegradation by P chrysosporium of plant cell walls or wall components for the most part. Data from various methods all indicated that enriched CO 2 did not substantially alter the biodegradation of wheat cell wall internodes or wall components. Evidence was not found for an influence on C cycling due to CO 2 concentrations in this study.