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Simple phenols and indoles in anaerobically stored piggery wastes
Author(s) -
Spoelstra Sierk F.
Publication year - 1977
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/jsfa.2740280504
Subject(s) - skatole , phenols , chemistry , phenol , hydrolysis , indole test , biodegradation , food science , feces , biotransformation , p cresol , chromatography , organic chemistry , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , enzyme
Phenol, p ‐cresol, 4‐ethylphenol, indole and skatole, which contribute to a large extent to the bad smell of piggeries, were estimated in anaerobically stored piggery wastes. p ‐Cresol, indole and skatole were also found in freshly voided faeces. Phenol, p ‐cresol and 4‐ethylphenol are present in the urine as their glucuronides. It was shown that upon contact of urine and faeces, the urinary glucuronides are hydrolysed almost instantly liberating phenols. This hydrolysis is caused by the high β‐glucuronidase activity of faeces. Protein degradation followed by transformation of tyrosine and tryptophane were found to be additional processes contributing to the accumulation of phenol, p ‐cresol, indole and skatole during the anaerobic storage of piggery wastes.