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Modelling the effect of changing transplanting date on consumptive water footprints for paddy under the system of rice intensification
Author(s) -
Biswas Amit,
Mailapalli Damodhara R,
Raghuwanshi Narendra S
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/jsfa.11186
Subject(s) - transplanting , kharif crop , irrigation , evapotranspiration , system of rice intensification , water use , environmental science , agronomy , rice water , crop , mathematics , agriculture , biology , sowing , ecology , weevil
BACKGROUND Consumptive water footprint (CWF) is a comprehensive measure of water consumption by paddy and can be used to assess the impact on freshwater volume. The seasonal water consumption and water footprints of paddy under any irrigation practice vary with changing the transplanting dates. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of shifting transplanting dates on CWFs of paddy under the system of rice intensification (SRI) using a crop model. A medium‐duration variety (IR‐36) was cultivated during kharif (monsoon) and rabi (non‐monsoon) seasons of 2015/16 and 2016/17. The field data were used to calibrate and validate the crop model, Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM)‐Oryza, as well as simulate paddy yield, evapotranspiration and consumptive water footprints (CWFs) under different transplanting dates. RESULTS The APSIM‐Oryza simulated grain yield was found to be closely matched with the observed yield during both calibration ( r 2 = 0.98, root‐mean‐square error < 300 kg ha −1 ) and validation ( r 2 = 0.88, root‐mean‐square error < 400 kg ha −1 ). The seasonal water savings in SRI practice was 18–21% compared to conventional, with an effect of a 20–30% improvement in the yield. The early transplanting on 1 July in kharif and 15 December in rabi can produce maximum grain yields of 4.55 and 5.15 t ha −1 , respectively, with a minimum CWF of 1064 and 855 m 3 t −1 under SRI for the study region. CONCLUSION The comparison of yield and CWF scenarios under different transplanting dates revealed the superiority of early transplanting in terms of yield improvement with the least irrigation requirement and CWF under SRI. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.