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Combination of white tea and peppermint demonstrated synergistic antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory activities
Author(s) -
Xia Xiaoyan,
Lin Zhenchuan,
Shao Keping,
Wang Xude,
Xu Jing,
Zhai Hang,
Wang Hua,
Xu Wei,
Zhao Yuqing
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/jsfa.10876
Subject(s) - anti inflammatory , traditional medicine , chemistry , cyclooxygenase , pharmacology , medicine , biochemistry , enzyme
Abstract BACKGROUND White tea, considered to be the oldest form of tea, is becoming a popular beverage for its organoleptic characteristics. Peppermint tea, used as a herbal remedy for centuries, is now also very popular throughout the world as herbal tea. What interested us was that in ancient China, peppermint was used in combination with tea as a detoxification or anti‐inflammatory agent. However, there are few reports on the combined use of white tea and peppermint. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory activities of white tea in combination with peppermint. RESULTS A synergistic inhibitory effect against four bacterial strains, especially against Staphylococcus argenteus , was observed in the combination of white tea and peppermint in vitro . In addition, the combined formula demonstrated a stronger anti‐inflammatory effect in vivo than either of the two used alone, which was associated with the decrease of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), interleukin‐1beta (IL‐1β), tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In a further mechanism study, it was found that white tea and peppermint inhibited the phosphorylation of p‐IκB‐α and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) at different degrees. While the enhanced anti‐inflammatory effect of the combined formula was associated with the combination of NF‐κB down‐regulation and p‐MAPK inhibition. CONCLUSION In our study, it was for the first time shown that when white tea was combined with peppermint, the antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory effects were enhanced. The results suggested an effective application of white tea in combination with peppermint as a potential antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory functional food. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry