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Synthesis, Characterization, Surface, and Thermodynamic Studies of Alkyl Tetrachloroferrates: Performance Evaluation of Their Nanostructures as Biocides
Author(s) -
ElShamy Omnia A. A.,
Habib Amr O.,
Mohamed Dalia E.,
Badawi Abdelfattah M.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of surfactants and detergents
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.349
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1558-9293
pISSN - 1097-3958
DOI - 10.1002/jsde.12349
Subject(s) - chemistry , critical micelle concentration , surface tension , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , gibbs isotherm , nanoparticle , adsorption , transmission electron microscopy , alkyl , infrared spectroscopy , analytical chemistry (journal) , cationic polymerization , nuclear chemistry , spectroscopy , ball mill , particle size , chemical engineering , micelle , organic chemistry , aqueous solution , thermodynamics , engineering , physics , quantum mechanics
Decyl and dodecylamino tetrachloroferrates were synthesized and characterized using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), elemental analysis, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H‐NMR), and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The surface properties of the cationic surfactants including critical micelle concentration, effectiveness, minimum surface area, and maximum surface excess were determined using surface tension measurements. The effectiveness of surface tension reduction ( π cmc ) was found to increase as the hydrophobic chain length increases with values of 30 and 34 mN m −1 for C 10 and C 12 , respectively. Moreover, the effect of temperature on micellization was determined over the range of 35–55 °C. Thermodynamic parameters (Δ G °, Δ S °, and Δ H °) were calculated and the results indicate a spontaneous process for both micellization and adsorption. The nanoparticles (NC 10 and NC 12 ) of the prepared surfactants were obtained using the ball mill technique. The particle size and morphology of the nanoparticles were determined using transmission electron microscope measurements. The antibacterial study of the nanoparticle surfactants revealed their strong efficiency against fungi and different pathogenic bacteria compared with the original surfactants.