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Titanium doping of BiFeO 3 ceramics and identification of minor phases by Raman spectroscopy
Author(s) -
Bernardo M. S.,
Calatayud D. G.,
Jardiel T.,
Makovec D.,
Peiteado M.,
Caballero A. C.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of raman spectroscopy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.748
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1097-4555
pISSN - 0377-0486
DOI - 10.1002/jrs.5116
Subject(s) - raman spectroscopy , dopant , materials science , bismuth ferrite , doping , ceramic , analytical chemistry (journal) , multiferroics , titanium , phase (matter) , ferroelectricity , chemistry , metallurgy , optics , optoelectronics , physics , organic chemistry , chromatography , dielectric
Titanium substitution can improve the multiferroic properties of bismuth ferrite materials, albeit the structural changes that this dopant produces in the perovskite structure of BiFeO 3 are still not well understood. Due to its high sensitivity, Raman spectroscopy can be a useful tool for trailing the dopant incorporation. In this work, we study the Raman spectra of undoped and Ti 4+ ‐doped BiFeO 3 ceramics that also contain small amounts of secondary phases – as it is usual for materials of this system. The micro‐Raman study together with a rigorous derivative analysis of the experimental Raman spectra recorded at low temperature (73 K) enables, for the first time, the identification of the Raman bands associated with the BiFeO 3 phase together with those belonging to the minor secondary phases. The comparison between the Raman spectra of the undoped and the Ti 4+ ‐doped materials indicates that some of the titanium added to the composition interacts with the secondary phases while only a partial amount of this dopant actually incorporates into the BiFeO 3 phase. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.