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Raman mapping of oral tissues for cancer diagnosis
Author(s) -
Daniel Amuthachelvi,
Prakasarao Aruna,
David Balu,
Joseph Leena,
Murali Krishna C.,
D Koteeswaran,
Ganesan Singaravelu
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of raman spectroscopy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.748
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1097-4555
pISSN - 0377-0486
DOI - 10.1002/jrs.4493
Subject(s) - raman spectroscopy , malignancy , pathology , h&e stain , cancer , medicine , chemistry , staining , optics , physics
Oral cancer having a high incidence and recurrence rate causes a potential threat and huge economic burden in Southeast Asia. In light of the aforementioned text, early and accurate diagnosis of this disease addressing molecular level changes would play a vital role in reducing the recurrence and increasing the survival rate. Raman spectroscopy has significant potential in the characterization and clinical diagnosis of normal and cancerous tissues at molecular level. To the best of our knowledge, to date, no study has been reported for Raman mapping of oral tissues. This study consistently showed the increased presence of glycogen, lipids, and proteins in all the normal oral tissues, whereas the nucleic acid content was found to be more in cancerous samples. The spectral data were exploited to construct pseudocolor images using principal component analysis and K‐means clustering. Thus, obtained Raman maps clearly delineated the tumor margins and was confirmed by the subsequent histopathological report of the hematoxylin–eosin stained samples. A blinded sample was mapped as well, and it showed a few pixels characteristic of malignancy. Upon histological evaluation, the blinded sample was reported as dysplastic, which was in agreement with the obtained Raman image. Hence, this study provides a firm basis to Raman spectral mapping for oral cancer diagnosis and for delineating the tumor margin. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.