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Raman and X‐ray investigations of the incorporation of Ca 2+ and Cd 2+ in the ZrO 2 structure
Author(s) -
Gazzoli Delia,
Mattei Giorgio,
Valigi Mario
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of raman spectroscopy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.748
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1097-4555
pISSN - 0377-0486
DOI - 10.1002/jrs.1708
Subject(s) - tetragonal crystal system , raman spectroscopy , monoclinic crystal system , solid solution , cubic zirconia , crystallography , analytical chemistry (journal) , phase (matter) , crystal structure , impurity , chemistry , x ray crystallography , dopant , materials science , diffraction , doping , ceramic , metallurgy , physics , optoelectronics , organic chemistry , chromatography , optics
The formation of solid solution and ZrO 2 phase stabilization were investigated by Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) in calcium‐containing and cadmium‐containing zirconium oxide samples heated at 1073 K in air. The adopted preparation procedure led to the incorporation of calcium and cadmium in solid solution into the zirconia structure. The solid solution favored the tetragonal and cubic zirconia phases at the expense of the thermodynamically stable monoclinic modification. Combined macro‐ and micro‐Raman spectroscopy disclosed that instead of forming a homogeneous phase t ″, intermediate between the tetragonal t ′ and the cubic phase, the tetragonal and cubic phases coexisted in the range 9.49–13.89 mol% for Ca and 11.88–17.23 mol% for Cd. At higher dopant contents the cubic form stabilized. The impurity content necessary to stabilize the high‐symmetry phases was defined. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.