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Micro‐Raman study of Zr‐substituted Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 ceramics
Author(s) -
Das S. R.,
Dobal P. S.,
Sundarakannan B.,
Das R. R.,
Katiyar R. S.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of raman spectroscopy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.748
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1097-4555
pISSN - 0377-0486
DOI - 10.1002/jrs.1668
Subject(s) - raman spectroscopy , materials science , monoclinic crystal system , analytical chemistry (journal) , phase transition , diffraction , ferroelectricity , ceramic , crystallography , x ray crystallography , soft modes , crystal structure , dielectric , chemistry , metallurgy , optics , chromatography , quantum mechanics , physics , optoelectronics
We have studied the lattice vibrational modes of Zr‐substituted Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 ceramics using micro‐Raman spectroscopy. Replacement of Zr at the Ti site in the perovskite block is found from the increase in the lattice parameters as a function of Zr contents. Combined X‐ray diffraction patterns and Raman analysis suggested less than 40 mole% Zr solubility in Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 . At 40 mole% of Zr substitution or above, the unreacted monoclinic‐phase ZrO 2 is observed in the X‐ray diffraction patterns and the Raman spectra. The incorporation of Zr in Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 reduces the soft mode wavenumber and the transition temperature. Moreover, temperature dependent studies confirmed the ferroelectric to paraelectric transition in Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 at about 675 °C. On increasing the Zr content up to 40% on the Ti sites of Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 , a systematic decrease in the phase transition temperature from 675 to 630 °C was observed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.