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The Holocene volcanic history of Gran Canaria island: implications for volcanic hazards
Author(s) -
RodriguezGonzalez Alejandro,
FernandezTuriel Jose L.,
PerezTorrado Francisco J.,
Hansen Alex,
Aulinas Meritxell,
Carracedo Juan C.,
Gimeno Domingo,
Guillou Hervé,
Paris Raphaël,
Paterne Martine
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of quaternary science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.142
H-Index - 94
eISSN - 1099-1417
pISSN - 0267-8179
DOI - 10.1002/jqs.1294
Subject(s) - tephra , geology , lava , strombolian eruption , volcano , cinder cone , tephrochronology , volcanic hazards , radiocarbon dating , scoria , holocene , dense rock equivalent , phreatomagmatic eruption , basalt , effusive eruption , geochemistry , explosive eruption , physical geography , pyroclastic rock , paleontology , geography
Previous published data, combined with our results of 13 new radiocarbon ages and extensive geological fieldwork, indicate that during the past 11 ka 24 monogenetic basaltic eruptions occurred in the north sector of Gran Canaria. These eruptions can be grouped into three periods of eruptive activity: 1900–3200 14 C a BP; 5700–6000 14 C a BP; and an older period represented by only one eruption, El Draguillo, dated at 10 610 ± 190 14 C a BP. Archaeological studies have shown that the more recent eruptions affected prehistoric human settlements on the island. Field studies demonstrate that the eruptions typically built strombolian cones (30–250 m in height) and associated relatively long lava flows (100–10 350 m in length); a few eruptions also produced tephra fall deposits. The total erupted volume of these eruptions is about 0.388 km 3 (46.1% as tephra fall, 41.8% as cinder cone deposits and 12.1% as lava flows). The relatively low eruption rate (∼0.04 km 3 ka −1 ) during the past 11 ka is consistent with Gran Canaria's stage of evolution in the regional volcano‐tectonic setting of the Canary Archipelago. The results of our study were used to construct a volcanic hazards map that clearly delimits two sectors in the NE sector of Gran Canaria, where potential future eruptions would pose a substantial risk for densely populated areas. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.