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Bamboo biochar does not affect paddy soil N 2 O emissions or source following slurry or mineral fertilizer amendment—a 15 N tracer study
Author(s) -
Case Sean D. C.,
Uno Hikaru,
Nakajima Yasuhiro,
Stoumann Jensen Lars,
Akiyama Hiroko
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of plant nutrition and soil science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.644
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1522-2624
pISSN - 1436-8730
DOI - 10.1002/jpln.201600477
Subject(s) - biochar , amendment , chemistry , soil water , nitrification , nitrous oxide , slurry , fertilizer , ammonium , environmental chemistry , denitrification , agronomy , soil ph , soil conditioner , nitrogen , environmental science , environmental engineering , soil science , organic chemistry , pyrolysis , political science , law , biology
Nitrogen (N)‐containing fertilizers, such as slurry and ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ), can significantly increase soil nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions following addition to agricultural soil. Biochar amendment to soil has been observed to suppress N 2 O emissions in a number of studies. However, the effect varies depending on many factors, including when biochar is added to soil concurrently with organic or mineral fertilizers.An incubation was conducted in which bamboo biochar (created at 800°C) was added to an ex‐rice paddy soil (1% rate) concurrently with dairy cattle slurry or NH 4 NO 3 (100 mg N kg −1 ). At three time points, following biochar amendment, 15 N‐labelled NH 4 NO 3 (50 mg N kg −1 ) was added to the soil to determine the N 2 O emissions derived from nitrification and denitrification in the 24 h that followed (at 70% water filled pore space; days 0, 7, and 28).Nitrous oxide emissions from slurry‐amended soils were much greater than those from NH 4 NO 3 ‐amended soils, as well as the proportion of soil N 2 O emissions derived from denitrification. Biochar amendment did not significantly affect soil N 2 O emissions or consistently affect the percentage of soil N 2 O emissions derived from nitrification in slurry or NH 4 NO 3 ‐amended treatments. The lack of N 2 O‐emission suppression with biochar amendment may have been due to the relatively‐low addition rate of a biochar that had a low content of volatile organic carbons and redox‐reactive organic/inorganic compounds, and did not greatly increase the pH of the acidic soil (pH 5). These results suggest that bamboo biochar produced at such a high temperature may not be suitable for mitigation of soil N 2 O emissions.