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Complement component 3 and its activation split‐products in saliva associate with periodontitis
Author(s) -
Damgaard Christian,
Massarenti Laura,
Danielsen Anne Katrine,
Graversen Jonas H.,
Holmstrup Palle,
Nielsen Claus H.,
Palarasah Yaseelan
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1002/jper.21-0530
Subject(s) - periodontitis , complement (music) , saliva , component (thermodynamics) , complement system , chemistry , dentistry , medicine , immunology , biochemistry , antibody , physics , complementation , gene , phenotype , thermodynamics
Background Periodontitis (PD) is classified by Grades A through C according to the risk of further progression, PD Grade C (PD‐C) being the most severe progressing form. It is a matter of controversy, whether the disease activity observed in PD‐C is due to impaired immune reactivity toward bacteria embedded in biofilms or a hyper‐reactive immune response causing tissue damage as a bystander phenomenon. Little is known about the role of complement in this respect. Methods Plasma and unstimulated saliva samples were collected from patients with PD‐B (n = 34) or ‐C (n = 27) and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 28). Salivary and plasma levels of total C3, C3c, and C3dg were quantified using sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Salivary levels of total C3 and C3dg were elevated in PD‐B and PD‐C patients compared to HCs (both P < 0.05), while the levels of C3c were elevated in PD‐C compared to HCs. Plasma levels of C3c were higher in PD‐B patients than in HCs ( P < 0.05). Conclusion PD‐B and PD‐C patients show increased complement activation compared to HCs, but no difference was found between the two disease grades. PD‐B, but not PD‐C, is associated with increased systemic complement activation as assessed by C3c in plasma.