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Microstructural volumetric analysis of the jaw following dental implantation under systemic bisphosphonate delivery: An in vivo and ex vivo rat study
Author(s) -
Kniha Kristian,
Bock Anna,
Peters Florian,
Magnuska Zuzanna Anna,
Gremse Felix,
Möhlhenrich Stephan Christian,
Hölzle Frank,
Modabber Ali
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1002/jper.20-0547
Subject(s) - medicine , implant , dentistry , bisphosphonate , bone resorption , ex vivo , in vivo , osseointegration , alendronic acid , osteoporosis , surgery , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
Background Because of bisphosphonate medication, dental implantation with a subsequent infection poses a relevant risk factor to suffer from medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw. This rat study evaluated different implant materials under systemic bisphosphonate delivery using micro‐computed tomography (μCT) images. Methods Fifty‐four rats were randomly allocated into a control group 1, test group 2 with intravenous drug application of zoledronic acid and test group 3 with a subcutaneous application of alendronic acid. After 4 weeks of drug delivery, the first molar on each side of the upper jaw was extracted, and either a zirconia or a titanium implant was immediately inserted. Radiological examinations at four timepoints before the operation, 1 week later, 6 weeks later and after 12 weeks of follow up included μCT measurements of the in vivo peri‐implant bone loss. μCT measurements of the ex vivo peri‐implant bony structure after 12 weeks follow‐up covered the bone mineral density, ‐volume, ‐trabecular thickness and ‐separation. Results Both test groups showed a significant increase in bone loss over time ( P < 0.05 ). The clinical observations of exposed bone revealed that most cases occurred under alendronic acid delivery. Exposed bone was recorded only in the test groups around both titanium and zirconia implants. Regarding the peri‐implant bony structure, no significant differences were found between both materials. Conclusions Systemic bisphosphonate delivery led to increased peri‐implant bone loss over time after immediate implant insertion. In terms of bone resorption and bone quality parameters, no implant material was superior to the other.