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Microbiome changes in young periodontitis patients treated with adjunctive metronidazole and amoxicillin
Author(s) -
Feres Magda,
RetamalValdes Belén,
Fermiano Daiane,
Faveri Marcelo,
Figueiredo Luciene Cristina,
Mayer Marcia P.A.,
Lee JungJin,
Bittinger Kyle,
Teles Flavia
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1002/jper.20-0128
Subject(s) - amoxicillin , metronidazole , treponema denticola , periodontitis , actinomyces , microbiome , medicine , fusobacterium nucleatum , microbiology and biotechnology , prevotella intermedia , bacteroides , chronic periodontitis , dentistry , porphyromonas gingivalis , biology , antibiotics , bacteria , bioinformatics , genetics
Background To our knowledge, to date, no studies have comprehensively assessed the changes occurring in the subgingival microbiome of young patients with periodontitis treated by means of mechanical and antibiotic therapy. Thus, this study aimed to use next‐generation sequencing to evaluate the subgingival microbial composition of young patients with severe periodontitis treated with scaling and root planing and systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin. Methods Subgingival samples from healthy individuals and shallow and deep sites from periodontitis patients were individually collected at baseline and 90 days post‐treatment. The samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA‐gene sequencing (MiSeq‐Illumina) and QIIME pipeline. Differences between groups for the microbiological data were determined using principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), linear mixed models, and the PERMANOVA test. Results One hundred samples were collected from 10 periodontitis patients and seven healthy individuals. PCoA analysis revealed significant partitioning between pre‐and post‐treatment samples. No major differences in the composition of the subgingival microbiota were observed between shallow and deep sites, at baseline or at 90‐days post‐treatment, and the microbiome of both site categories after treatment moved closer in similarity to that observed in periodontal health. Treatment significantly improved all clinical parameters and reduced the relative abundance of classical periodontal pathogens and of Fretibacterium fastidiosum , Eubacterium saphenum , Porphyromonas endodontalis , Treponema medium , Synergistetes , TM7 , and Treponema spp, and increased that of Actinomyces , Rothia , Haemophilus , Corynebacterium , and Streptococci spp. Conclusion Mechanical treatment associated with metronidazole and amoxicillin promoted a beneficial change in the microbiome of young individuals with severe periodontitis.