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Evaluation of salivary and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels in patients with periodontal and cardiovascular disease as subclinical marker of cardiovascular risk
Author(s) -
Isola Gaetano,
Alibrandi Angela,
Currò Monica,
Matarese Marco,
Ricca Sergio,
Matarese Giovanni,
Ientile Riccardo,
Kocher Thomas
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1002/jper.19-0446
Subject(s) - asymmetric dimethylarginine , medicine , subclinical infection , disease , periodontal disease , cardiology , arginine , biochemistry , chemistry , amino acid
Background Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) plays a crucial role in endothelial function and maybe a link for the known interaction of periodontitis and coronary heart disease (CHD). In this pilot study, we compared the impact of gingival health, periodontitis (CP), CHD, or of both diseases (CP + CHD) on salivary and serum ADMA levels. Methods The clinical and periodontal characteristics, serum, and saliva samples were collected from 35 patients with CP, 33 patients with CHD, 35 patients with both CP + CHD, and 35 healthy subjects. Levels of ADMA and C‐reactive protein (CRP) were assessed with a commercially available kit. Results The median (25% and 75% percentile) concentrations of salivary and serum ADMA were significantly higher in the CHD group [serum: 1.5 (1.2 to 1.8) μmol/L; salivary 1.3 (1 to 1.7) μmol/g protein, P < 0.01] and in the CP + CHD [serum: 1.8 (1.4 to 2.0) μmol/L; salivary 1.5 (1.2 to 1.7) μmol/g protein, P < 0.001] group compared to CP patients and controls. In univariate models, CP ( P = 0.034), CHD ( P < 0.001), and hs‐CRP ( P < 0.001) were significantly associated with serum ADMA, whereas in a multivariate model, hs‐CRP remained a significant predictor of serum ADMA ( P < 0.001). In a multivariate model, the significant predictors of salivary ADMA levels were hs‐CRP ( P < 0.001) and education socioeconomic status ( P = 0.042). Conclusions Patients with CHD and CP + CHD presented higher levels of salivary and serum ADMA compared to healthy subjects and CP patients. hs‐CRP was a significant predictor of increased salivary and serum ADMA levels.