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Postoperative infections after dental implant placement: Variables associated with increased risk of failure
Author(s) -
CampsFont Octavi,
MartínFatás Pablo,
CléOvejero Adrià,
Figueiredo Rui,
GayEscoda Cosme,
ValmasedaCastellón Eduard
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1002/jper.18-0024
Subject(s) - medicine , implant failure , implant , proportional hazards model , osseointegration , dental implant , dentistry , retrospective cohort study , confidence interval , surgery
Background Wound infections after dental implant placement are a rare finding that might lead to early implant failure. However, the available information on this topic is scarce. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted to determine factors that may increase the failure rate of dental implants that presented a postoperative infection during the osseointegration period. Postoperative infections were defined as the presence of pus or fistula in the surgical area, with pain or tenderness, swelling, redness, and heat or fever, before prosthetic loading. A bivariate and multivariate analysis of the data using Cox proportional‐hazards regression was performed to detect prognostic factors for implant failure in patients that suffer infections. Results The patient‐based prevalence of postoperative infections after implant placement was 2.80% (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 2.04% to 3.83%). Thirty‐three out of 37 (89.19%) patients with infections had to be surgically retreated because of antibiotic failure and 65% of the infected implants were removed. The bivariate analysis showed a significant association between implant failure and the collar surface (HR: 3.12; 95% CI: 1.16 to 8.41; P = 0.014). Cox proportional‐hazards regression indicated that rough‐surfaced collars increased 2.35 times the likelihood of failure (95% CI: 0.87 to 6.37; P = 0.071). Conclusions The survival of implants placed in the maxilla, with smooth collar, and late‐onset of infection was higher than those placed in the mandible, with a rough collar and early onset of infection. In general, signs of infection after dental implant placement compromises the survival rate of the affected fixtures.