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Immunological and microbiological periodontal profiles in isolated growth hormone deficiency
Author(s) -
Araújo I.M.P.,
AlbuquerqueSouza E.,
AguiarOliveira M.H.,
Holzhausen M.,
OliveiraNeto L.A.,
Salvatori R.,
Saraiva L.,
Mayer M.P.A.,
Pannuti C.M.,
Ribeiro A.O.,
Romito G.A.,
Pustiglioni F.E.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1002/jper.17-0687
Subject(s) - treponema denticola , tannerella forsythia , porphyromonas gingivalis , aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , clinical attachment loss , ighd , immune system , periodontitis , immunology , medicine , population , biology , pathology , hormone , growth hormone deficiency , honeysuckle , growth hormone , alternative medicine , environmental health , traditional chinese medicine
Background Growth hormone (GH) has been identified as an important regulator of the immune response. We have previously shown that adults with isolated GH deficiency (IGHD) due to a mutation in the GH releasing hormone receptor (GHRHR) gene, have a greater chance of having periodontitis. However, the interaction of GH with periodontal tissues is still unknown, and this population has emerged as a unique model to investigate this issue. Therefore, we evaluated the microbiological and immunological periodontal profiles of such individuals. Methods Nineteen IGHD and 19 controls matched by age, sex, diabetes, and smoking status, were enrolled in this case‐control study. Periodontal clinical parameters (probing depth [PD] and clinical attachment loss [AL]) were measured at six sites per tooth. Immune mediators (C‐reactive protein, matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]‐8, MMP‐9, interleukin [IL]‐1α, IL‐6, IL‐8, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]‐α, adiponectin, and leptin) were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in four non‐adjacent sites for each participant (two with PD ≤3 mm [shallow sites] and two with PD ≥7 mm or the worst PD found in the mouth [deep sites]). Bacterial quantification ( Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Treponema denticola , and Tannerella forsythia ) of subgingival biofilm samples collected from these same sites was performed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results IGHD individuals presented higher values of PD and AL, and increased levels of CRP, IL‐8, MMP‐8, and adiponectin in the GCF. Bacterial quantification did not identify differences between the two groups. Conclusion IGHD alters the local immune response in periodontal pockets leading to greater attachment loss, and GH stands out as an important hormone to be evaluated in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.