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Tutorial on Diarrhea and Enteral Nutrition: A Comprehensive Step‐By‐Step Approach
Author(s) -
Pitta Marina Regueira,
Campos Franciele Maciel,
Monteiro Alline Gonçalves,
Cunha Anna Gabriella Ferreira,
Porto Juliana Dourado,
Gomes Raquel Rodrigues
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.935
H-Index - 98
eISSN - 1941-2444
pISSN - 0148-6071
DOI - 10.1002/jpen.1674
Subject(s) - medicine , intensive care medicine , diarrhea , modalities , enteral administration , parenteral nutrition , multimodal therapy , clostridium difficile , medline , disease , quality of life (healthcare) , intensive care unit , surgery , nursing , antibiotics , social science , sociology , political science , law , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
This tutorial suggests a current strategy toward a multiprofessional therapy based upon a comprehensive step‐by‐step approach to the course of intensive care unit diarrhea episodes. Evidence published in the last 10 years, obtained through a database search (PubMed), shows that its prevalence is quite variable. Although multicausal, it is often erroneously associated with the supply of enteral nutrition. Several complications affect not only nutrition status but also the development of skin lesions, which can become the focus of infections, and the length of hospital stay. Here, we propose an early, objective, directed, and multimodal approach, aiming at optimizing care for these patients. In a dynamic walkthrough, the reader will find a guide for the general diagnosis and for colitis resulting from Clostridium difficile infections, as well as current instructions and recommendations for drug treatment and supportive therapy for these 2 modalities. We also bring together ways to prevent and treat associated skin lesions in this setting. Because it is neglected in the critical environment, diarrhea is still a poorly addressed disease, and its complications bring about a significant worsening in quality of life and hospital stay.