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Gut Microbiota as a Modulator of Paneth Cells During Parenteral Nutrition in Mice
Author(s) -
Wang Jiwei,
Tian Feng,
Wang Peng,
Zheng Huijun,
Zhang Ying,
Tian Hao,
Zhang Li,
Gao Xuejin,
Wang Xinying
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.935
H-Index - 98
eISSN - 1941-2444
pISSN - 0148-6071
DOI - 10.1002/jpen.1162
Subject(s) - paneth cell , ileum , dysbiosis , lysozyme , biology , medicine , gut flora , endocrinology , methionine , biochemistry , small intestine , amino acid
Background Parenteral nutrition (PN) leads to decreased production of Paneth cell–derived antimicrobial peptides and is accompanied by dysbiosis of the gut. The role of gut microbiota in regulating Paneth cell function during PN is unknown. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice received either an antibiotic cocktail (Abx) or nothing (Normal) in their drinking water for 2 weeks before being fed either standard laboratory chow (Abx‐Chow and Normal‐Chow) or a continuous infusion of PN solution (Abx‐PN and Normal‐PN) for 7 days. In a separate experiment, the intestinal contents of mice having received 7 days of Chow or PN were transferred by gavage to germ‐free (GF) mice. Results Antibiotic treatment decreased the protein levels of lysozyme and RegIIIγ and the mRNA level of α‐defensin 5 , with no further effect by PN compared with chow. However, these measurements were higher in Abx‐PN mice than in Normal‐PN mice. When compared with Chow→GF, PN→GF mice demonstrated lower body weight, shorter intestinal length, severe atrophy of the ileum villus, and lower levels of lysozyme and RegIIIγ protein and α‐defensin 5 mRNA. Interleukin ( IL )‐ 22 and IL‐17 mRNA levels declined in the ileum. Principal component analysis revealed major differences between the metabolite compositions of the Chow and PN, as well as the Chow→GF and PN→GF groups that appears to indicate aberrant tryptophan metabolism. Conclusions Gut microbiota plays a vital role in PN‐related Paneth cell dysfunction. Dysbiosis during PN might alter the production of microbial metabolites, thereby influencing the production of Paneth cell–derived antimicrobial peptides.