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Differences in rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot kinematics of normal foot and flatfoot during running
Author(s) -
Takabayashi Tomoya,
Edama Mutsuaki,
Inai Takuma,
Kubo Masayoshi
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research®
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1002/jor.24877
Subject(s) - forefoot , kinematics , medicine , foot (prosody) , orthodontics , ground reaction force , physical medicine and rehabilitation , surgery , physics , linguistics , philosophy , classical mechanics , complication
Flatfoot is a common foot deformity, which could contribute to running injuries such as medial tibial stress syndrome. Intrafoot kinematics of flatfoot during walking have often been documented using multisegment foot models. However, the intrafoot kinematics of flatfoot during running remains unclear, despite the possible relationship between flatfoot and running injuries. We aimed to clarify rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot kinematics when running in participants with normal foot and flatfoot. Participants with the normal foot ( n = 14) and flatfoot ( n = 14) were asked to runover‐ground at their preferred speed. Three‐dimensional kinematics of the rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot during running were calculated based on the Rizzoli foot model. A two‐sample t ‐test of statistical parametric mapping was performed to determine differences between normal foot and flatfoot in time histories of intrafoot kinematics during running. No differences were found between groups in characteristics and spatiotemporal parameters. In the frontal rearfoot angle, a significantly increased eversion from 24% to 100% ( p < .001) was observed in the flatfoot compared to the normal foot. At the midfoot angle, a significantly increased eversion from 0% to 4% ( p < .049) and 21% to 100% ( p < .001) was observed in the flatfoot compared to the normal foot. At the forefoot angle, a significantly increased inversion from 6% to 17% ( p < .047) was observed in the flatfoot compared to the normal foot. These findings may be useful to explain why flatfoot could contribute to running injuries such as medial tibial stress syndrome.