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Use of novel chitosan hydrogels for chemical tissue bonding of autologous chondral transplants
Author(s) -
Gittens Jamila,
Haleem Amgad M.,
Grenier Stephanie,
Smyth Niall A.,
Han Charles P.,
Ross Keir A.,
Torzilli Peter A.,
Kennedy John G.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1002/jor.23142
Subject(s) - chitosan , self healing hydrogels , tissue engineering , biomedical engineering , tissue graft , chemistry , polymer chemistry , materials science , polymer science , surgery , transplantation , medicine , organic chemistry
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of chemical tissue bonding (CTB) on adhesion strength, fluid permeability, and cell viability across a cartilaginous graft‐host interface in an in vitro autologous chondral transplant (ACT) model. Chitosan‐based cross‐linkers; Chitosan‐Rose Bengal [Chi‐RB (Ch‐ABC)], Chitosan‐Genipin [Chi‐GP (Ch‐ABC)], and Chitosan‐Rose Bengal‐Genipin [Chi‐RB‐GP (Ch‐ABC)] were applied to bovine immature cartilage explants after pre‐treatment with surface degrading enzyme, Chondroitinase‐ABC (Ch‐ABC). Adhesion strength, fluid permeability and cell viability were assessed via mechanical push‐out shear testing, fluid transport and live/dead cell staining, respectively. All three chitosan‐based cross‐linkers significantly increased the adhesion strength at the graft‐host interface, however, only a statistically significant decrease in fluid permeability was noted in Chi‐GP (Ch‐ABC) specimen compared to untreated controls. Cell viability was maintained for 7 days of culture across all three treatment groups. These results show the potential clinical relevance of novel chitosan‐based hydrogels in enhancing tissue integration and reducing synovial fluid penetration after ACT procedures in diarthoidal joints such as the knee and ankle. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1139–1146, 2016.