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Heat accumulation during sequential cortical bone drilling
Author(s) -
Palmisano Andrew C.,
Tai Bruce L.,
Belmont Barry,
Irwin Todd A.,
Shih Albert,
Holmes James R.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1002/jor.23044
Subject(s) - drilling , drill , thermocouple , kirschner wire , heat generation , materials science , cadaveric spasm , composite material , geology , metallurgy , chemistry , physics , biochemistry , geomorphology , thermodynamics , traction (geology)
Significant research exists regarding heat production during single‐hole bone drilling. No published data exist regarding repetitive sequential drilling. This study elucidates the phenomenon of heat accumulation for sequential drilling with both Kirschner wires (K wires) and standard two‐flute twist drills. It was hypothesized that cumulative heat would result in a higher temperature with each subsequent drill pass. Nine holes in a 3 × 3 array were drilled sequentially on moistened cadaveric tibia bone kept at body temperature (about 37°C). Four thermocouples were placed at the center of four adjacent holes and 2 mm below the surface. A battery‐driven hand drill guided by a servo‐controlled motion system was used. Six samples were drilled with each tool (2.0 mm K wire and 2.0 and 2.5 mm standard drills). K wire drilling increased temperature from 5°C at the first hole to 20°C at holes 6 through 9. A similar trend was found in standard drills with less significant increments. The maximum temperatures of both tools increased from <0.5°C to nearly 13°C. The difference between drill sizes was found to be insignificant ( P > 0.05). In conclusion, heat accumulated during sequential drilling, with size difference being insignificant. K wire produced more heat than its twist‐drill counterparts. This study has demonstrated the heat accumulation phenomenon and its significant effect on temperature. Maximizing the drilling field and reducing the number of drill passes may decrease bone injury. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:463–470, 2016.