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Management of Fungal or Atypical Periprosthetic Joint Infections
Author(s) -
Matthias Gebauer,
Lars Frommelt,
Pramod Achan,
Tim N Board,
Janet Conway,
William Griffin,
Nima Heidari,
Glenn Kerr,
Alex McLaren,
Sandra Bliss Nelson,
Marc Nijhof,
Akos Zahar
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1002/jor.22559
Subject(s) - periprosthetic , joint infections , medicine , joint (building) , microbiology and biotechnology , dermatology , radiology , biology , arthroplasty , engineering , structural engineering
Justification Generally a fungal or atypical PJI is believed to exist when fungal organisms or atypical bacteria are isolated from the joint fluid or intraoperative tissue samples and these organisms are believed to be the dominant infecting agents in the prosthetic joint. Fungi may be moulds/molds, yeasts, or dimorphic fungi. Moulds are fungi that grow in the form of multicellular filaments called hyphae. The vast majority were Candida infections (which represent more than 80% of PJIs). In contrast, fungi that can adopt a single celled growth habit are called yeasts. Dimorphic fungi can exist as mold forms or as yeast. Atypical bacteria are bacteria that have deviations of one or more of the following characteristics of a typical bacterium: cell wall (containing peptidoglycan), cell membrane, no nuclear membrane, reproduction by cell fission, and susceptibility to antibiotics but not to antifungal agents.