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Effects of ACL reconstruction surgery on muscle activity of the lower limb during a jump‐cut maneuver in males and females
Author(s) -
CoatsThomas Margaret S.,
Miranda Daniel L.,
Badger Gary J.,
Fleming Braden C.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1002/jor.22470
Subject(s) - biceps , hamstring , vastus medialis , medicine , acl injury , anterior cruciate ligament , electromyography , hamstring muscles , anatomy , gastrocnemius muscle , surgery , physical medicine and rehabilitation , skeletal muscle
We compared muscle activity of the quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius muscles when ACL‐intact (ACL INT ) and ACL‐reconstructed (ACL REC ) male and female subjects performed a jump‐cut task. Surface electromyography sensors were used to evaluate time to peak muscle activity and muscle activity ratios. Rectus femoris (RF) and vastus medialis (VM) peak timing was 71 and 78 ms earlier in ACL INT than in ACL REC subjects, respectively. Biceps femoris (BF) peak timing was 90 ms earlier in ACL INT than in ACL REC subjects and 75 ms earlier in females than in males. Medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle peak timing was 77 ms earlier in ACL INT than in ACL REC subjects. Lateral gastrocnemius (LG) and MG muscle peak times were 106 ms and 87 ms earlier in females than in males, respectively. The RF, VM, BF, and MG peaked later in ACL REC than in ACL INT subjects. There was evidence suggesting that the loading phase quadriceps:hamstring (quad:ham) muscle activity ratio was greater in ACL REC than in ACL INT subjects. Finally, the injury risk phase quad:ham muscle activity ratio was 4.8 times greater in females than in males. In conclusion, differences exist in muscle activity related to ACL status and sex that could potentially help explain graft failure risk and the sex bias. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:1890–1896, 2013