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Induction of fracture repair by mesenchymal cells derived from human embryonic stem cells or bone marrow
Author(s) -
Undale Anita,
Fraser Daniel,
Hefferan Theresa,
Kopher Ross A.,
Herrick James,
Evans Glenda L.,
Li Xiaodong,
Kakar Sanjeev,
Hayes Meredith,
Atkinson Elizabeth,
Yaszemski Michael J.,
Kaufman Dan S.,
Westendorf Jennifer J.,
Khosla Sundeep
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1002/jor.21480
Subject(s) - mesenchymal stem cell , embryonic stem cell , stem cell , stem cell transplantation for articular cartilage repair , human bone , bone healing , microbiology and biotechnology , bone marrow , biology , adult stem cell , cancer research , medicine , immunology , anatomy , genetics , in vitro , gene
Development of novel therapeutic approaches to repair fracture non‐unions remains a critical clinical necessity. We evaluated the capacity of human embryonic stem cell (hESC)‐derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) to induce healing in a fracture non‐union model in rats. In addition, we placed these findings in the context of parallel studies using human bone marrow MSCs (hBM‐MSCs) or a no cell control group ( n = 10–12 per group). Preliminary studies demonstrated that both for hESC‐derived MSCs and hBM‐MSCs, optimal induction of fracture healing required in vitro osteogenic differentiation of these cells. Based on biomechanical testing of fractured femurs, maximum torque, and stiffness were significantly greater in the hBM‐MSC as compared to the control group that received no cells; values for these parameters in the hESC‐derived MSC group were intermediate between the hBM‐MSC and control groups, and not significantly different from the control group. However, some evidence of fracture healing was evident by X‐ray in the hESC‐derived MSC group. Our results thus indicate that while hESC‐derived MSCs may have potential to induce fracture healing in non‐unions, hBM‐MSCs function more efficiently in this process. Additional studies are needed to further modify hESCs to achieve optimal fracture healing by these cells. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:1804–1811, 2011