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Calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signaling in cobalt–chromium–molybdenum (CoCrMo) particles‐induced tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNFα) secretion in MLO‐Y4 osteocytes
Author(s) -
Orhue Vbenosawemwinghaye,
Kanaji Arihiko,
Caicedo Marco S.,
Virdi Amarjit S.,
Sumner Dale R.,
Hallab Nadim J.,
Jahr Holger,
Sena Kotaro
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1002/jor.21458
Subject(s) - nfat , tumor necrosis factor alpha , downregulation and upregulation , calcineurin , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , oxidative stress , endocrinology , medicine , biochemistry , biology , transplantation , gene
Abstract Aseptic loosening is the devastating long term complication of total hip arthroplasty and orthopedic implant debris has been shown to trigger an intense inflammatory reaction leading to resorption of the bone matrix. Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNFα), have been implicated in this process and osteocytes may play a role in its production. We previously demonstrated that cobalt–chromium–molybdenum (CoCrMo) particles upregulate TNFα production by MLO‐Y4 osteocytes in vitro, but the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. Based on previous studies by others, we hypothesized that the calcineurin‐nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) pathway mediates CoCrMo particle‐induced TNFα production in MLO‐Y4 osteocytes. MLO‐Y4 osteocytes exposed to CoCrMo particle treatment resulted in a rapid and significant increase in calcineurin activity. We also demonstrate that CoCrMo particle‐induced upregulation of TNFα is reduced to control levels with calcineurin‐NFAT inhibitors and this was also confirmed at mRNA level. Moreover, we demonstrate the localization of NFATs in MLO‐Y4 osteocytes and that NFAT1 and 2 translocate to the nucleus upon CoCrMo particle treatment. Our results suggest that calcineurin‐NFAT signaling is involved in TNFα production by MLO‐Y4 osteocytes after CoCrMo particle treatment. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:1867–1873, 2011