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Nanocomposite therapy as a more efficacious and less inflammatory alternative to bone morphogenetic protein‐2 in a rodent arthrodesis model
Author(s) -
Hsu Wellington K.,
Polavarapu Mahesh,
Riaz Rehan,
Roc Gilbert C.,
Stock Stuart R.,
Glicksman Zachary S.,
Ghodasra Jason H.,
Hsu Erin L.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1002/jor.21454
Subject(s) - medicine , spinal fusion , bone morphogenetic protein , demineralized bone matrix , bone morphogenetic protein 2 , arthrodesis , palpation , surgery , scaffold , biomedical engineering , dbm , pathology , chemistry , materials science , in vitro , amplifier , biochemistry , alternative medicine , optoelectronics , cmos , gene
The use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2) in spine fusion has led to concerns regarding a potential accompanying inflammatory response. This study evaluates a combination therapy (TrioMatrix®; Pioneer Surgical, Inc., Marquette, MI) comprised of a demineralized bone matrix (DBM), hydroxyapatite, and a nanofiber‐based collagen scaffold in a rodent spine fusion model. Thirty‐six athymic rats that underwent a posterolateral intertransverse spinal fusion were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatment groups: absorbable collagen sponge alone (ACS, negative control), 10 µg rhBMP‐2 on ACS (positive control), TrioMatrix®, Grafton® (Osteotech, Inc., Eatontown, NJ), and DBX® (Synthes, Inc., West Chester, PA). Both TrioMatrix® and rhBMP‐2‐treated animals demonstrated 100% fusion rates as graded by manual palpation scores 8 weeks after implantation. This rate was significantly greater than those of the ACS, Grafton®, and DBX® groups. Notably, the use of TrioMatrix® as evaluated by microCT quantification led to a greater fusion mass volume when compared to all other groups, including the rhBMP‐2 group. T2‐weighted axial MRI images of the fusion bed demonstrated a significant host response associated with a large fluid collection with the use of rhBMP‐2; this response was significantly reduced with the use of TrioMatrix®. Our results therefore demonstrate that a nanocomposite therapy represents a promising, cost‐effective bone graft substitute that could be useful in spine fusions where BMP‐2 is contraindicated. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:1812–1819, 2011