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Optimizing the osteogenic potential of adult stem cells for skeletal regeneration
Author(s) -
Lim Jung Yul,
Loiselle Alayna E.,
Lee Jeong Soon,
Zhang Yue,
Salvi Joshua D.,
Donahue Henry J.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1002/jor.21441
Subject(s) - stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , mesenchymal stem cell , adult stem cell , stem cell transplantation for articular cartilage repair , cellular differentiation , biology , regeneration (biology) , clinical uses of mesenchymal stem cells , immunology , endothelial stem cell , in vitro , genetics , gene
Adult stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells, display plasticity in that they can differentiate toward various lineages including bone cells, cartilage cells, fat cells, and other types of connective tissue cells. However, it is not clear what factors direct adult stem cell lineage commitment and terminal differentiation. Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular physical cues have the potential to control stem cell lineage specification. In this perspective article, we review recent findings on biomaterial surface and mechanical signal regulation of stem cell differentiation. Specifically, we focus on stem cell response to substrate nanoscale topography and fluid flow induced shear stress and how these physical factors may regulate stem cell osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:1627–1633, 2011