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Cobalt chromium alloy with immobilized BMP peptide for enhanced bone growth
Author(s) -
Poh Chye Khoon,
Shi Zhilong,
Tan Xiao Wei,
Liang Zhen Chang,
Foo Xue Mei,
Tan Hark Chuan,
Neoh Koon Gee,
Wang Wilson
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1002/jor.21409
Subject(s) - surface modification , peptide , chemistry , implant , bone morphogenetic protein 2 , alkaline phosphatase , calcium , implant failure , biophysics , bone healing , biochemistry , biomedical engineering , enzyme , surgery , medicine , biology , in vitro , organic chemistry
Cobalt chromium (CoCr) alloys are widely used in orthopedic practice, however, lack of integration into the bone for long‐term survival often occurs, leading to implant failure. Revision surgery to address such a failure involves increased risks, complications, and costs. Advances to enhancement of bone‐implant interactions would improve implant longevity and long‐term results. Therefore, we investigated the effects of BMP peptide covalently grafted to CoCr alloy on osteogenesis. The BMP peptide was derived from the knuckle epitope of bone morphogenic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) and was conjugated via a cysteine amino acid at the N‐terminus. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and o ‐phthaldialdehyde were used to verify successful grafting at various stages of surface functionalization. Surface topography was evaluated from the surface profile determined by atomic force microscopy. Osteoblastic cells (MC3T3‐E1) were seeded on the substrates, and the effects of BMP peptide on osteogenic differentiation were evaluated by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium mineral deposition. The functionalized surfaces showed a twofold increase in ALP activity after 2 weeks incubation and a fourfold increase in calcium content after 3 weeks incubation compared to the pristine substrate. These findings are potentially useful in the development of improved CoCr implants for use in orthopedic applications. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29: 1424–1430, 2011