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Variations in varus/valgus and internal/external rotational knee laxity and stiffness across the menstrual cycle
Author(s) -
Shultz Sandra J.,
Schmitz Randy J.,
Beyn Bruce D.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1002/jor.21243
Subject(s) - valgus , menstrual cycle , medicine , ligament , orthodontics , surgery , hormone
Cyclic variations in genu recurvatum (GR), general joint laxity (GJL), varus–valgus (VV), and internal–external (IER) rotational laxities and stiffnesses were examined in 64 females and 43 males at two time points during the females' menstrual cycle [days of minimum (T1) and maximum (T2) anterior knee laxity (AKL)]. Cyclic increases in AKL (9.5%), GR (37.5%), and GJL (13.6%) were observed in females but not males from T1 to T2 ( p < 0.001). Cyclic increases in VV and IER laxity were negligible (1.5–3.2%, p > 0.320). Females compared to males had lower overall VV stiffness at T2 (F 37%