Premium
Low dose metal particles can induce monocyte/macrophage survival
Author(s) -
Lacey Derek C.,
De Kok Bernard,
Clanchy Felix I.,
Bailey Mark J.,
Speed Kathy,
Haynes David,
Graves Stephen E.,
Hamilton John A.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1002/jor.20914
Subject(s) - osteolysis , monocyte , macrophage , cd14 , in vivo , bone marrow , tumor necrosis factor alpha , phagocytosis , in vitro , macrophage colony stimulating factor , immunology , chemistry , medicine , biology , surgery , biochemistry , flow cytometry , microbiology and biotechnology
Aseptic loosening results in pain, loss of function, and ultimately prosthetic joint failure and revision surgery. The generation of wear particles from the prosthesis is a major factor in local osteolysis. We investigated the effects of such wear particles on the survival of monocytes and macrophages, populations implicated in wear particle‐driven pathology. Particles from titanium aluminum vanadium (TiAlV) and cobalt chromium (CoCr) alloys were generated in‐house and were equivalent in size (0.5–3 µm) to those seen in patients. Human CD14 + monocytes and murine bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMM) were treated with TiAlV and CoCr particles in vitro, and cell survival was assayed. Both particles increased monocyte and macrophage survival in a dose‐dependent manner, with an optimal concentration of around 10 7 particles/mL. Conditioned media from particle‐treated BMM also increased macrophage survival. Studies with antibody blockade and gene‐deficient mice suggest that particle‐induced BMM survival is independent of endogenous CSF‐1 (M‐CSF), GM‐CSF, and TNFα. These data indicate that wear particles can promote monocyte/macrophage survival in vitro possibly via an endogenous mediator. If this phenomenon occurs in vivo, it could mean that increased numbers of macrophages (and osteoclasts) would be found at a site of joint implant failure, which could contribute to the local inflammatory reaction and osteolysis. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1481–1486, 2009