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Release of nitric oxide, but not prostaglandin E 2 , by bone cells depends on fluid flow frequency
Author(s) -
Mullender Margriet G.,
Dijcks Saskia J.,
Bacabac Rommel G.,
Semeins Cornelis M.,
Van Loon Jack J.W.A.,
KleinNulend Jenneke
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1002/jor.20179
Subject(s) - nitric oxide , prostaglandin e2 , pulsatile flow , stimulation , chemistry , biophysics , prostaglandin e , flow (mathematics) , bone cell , fluid dynamics , osteoblast , in vitro , microbiology and biotechnology , biomedical engineering , medicine , endocrinology , materials science , mechanics , biology , physics , biochemistry , organic chemistry
Abstract Loading frequency is an important parameter for the stimulation of bone formation in vivo. It is still unclear how the information of external loading characteristics is conveyed to osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Osteocytes are thought to detect mechanical loads by sensing fluid flow through the lacuno‐canalicular network within bone and to translate this information into chemical signals. The signaling molecules nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) are known to play important roles in the adaptive response of bone to mechanical loads. We have investigated the effects of fluid flow frequency on the production of PGE 2 and NO in bone cells in vitro. Pulsatile fluid flow with different frequencies stimulated the release of NO by MC3T3‐E1 osteoblasts in a dose‐dependent manner. In contrast, PGE 2 production was enhanced consistently by all fluid flow regimes, independent of flow frequency. This implies that the NO response may play a role in mediating the differential effects of the various loading patterns on bone. © 2006 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 24:1170–1177, 2006