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The effect of urbanization on temperature indices in the Philippines
Author(s) -
Manalo John A.,
Matsumoto Jun,
Takahashi Hiroshi G.,
Villafuerte Marcelino Q.,
Olaguera Lyndon Mark P.,
Ren Guoyu,
Cinco Thelma A.
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
international journal of climatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.58
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-0088
pISSN - 0899-8418
DOI - 10.1002/joc.7276
Subject(s) - urbanization , percentile , maximum temperature , climatology , environmental science , index (typography) , atmospheric sciences , geography , mathematics , meteorology , statistics , physics , biology , geology , ecology , world wide web , computer science
This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the effect of urbanization on the surface air temperature (SAT) from 1951 to 2018 in the Philippines. The daily minimum temperature ( T min ) and daily maximum temperature ( T max ) records from 34 meteorological stations were used to derive extreme temperature indices. These stations were then classified as urban or rural based on satellite night‐lights. The results showed a significant difference in the SAT trends between urban and rural stations, indicative of the effect of urbanization in the country. Larger and more significant warming trends were observed in indices related to T min than those related to T max . In particular, the effects of urbanization were significant in the annual index series of T min , diurnal temperature range, minimum T min , percentage of days when T min was less than the 10th percentile ( T N10p ), percentage of days when T min was greater than 90th percentile ( T N90p ), and the number of coldest nights. The effects of urbanization were not as clear on the index series of maximum T max ( T Xx ), minimum T max ( T Xn ), percentage of days when T max was less than 10th percentile ( T X10p ), and the number of hottest days. The effects of urbanization on the annual series of extreme temperature indices were statistically significant at the 95% confidence level, with the exception of T max , T Xn , T Xx , T X10p , and the number of hottest days. Further analysis revealed that the effect of urbanization was the greatest during the DJF (December–January–February) season. These findings serve as a baseline study that focuses on the countrywide effect of urbanization on SAT trends in the Philippines.