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Yansuanmalingua inhibits replication of type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus via activating the caspase‐8 apoptosis pathway
Author(s) -
Ding Yaozhong,
Li Guoxiu,
Cheng Fangzhen,
Dai Junfei,
Hu Yonghao,
Zhang Jie
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of basic microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.58
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1521-4028
pISSN - 0233-111X
DOI - 10.1002/jobm.201900485
Subject(s) - porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus , tlr3 , apoptosis , viral replication , caspase 8 , arterivirus , biology , downregulation and upregulation , signal transduction , caspase 3 , virology , microbiology and biotechnology , virus , receptor , innate immune system , toll like receptor , gene , programmed cell death , medicine , biochemistry , covid-19 , disease , infectious disease (medical specialty)
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes significant economic losses to the pork industry. The present study showed that Yansuanmalingua (YASML) can inhibit type 2 PRRSV replication using plaque assay, quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence assay. Furthermore, inhibition of PRRSV replication was shown to be related to Toll‐like receptor 3 (TLR3)‐dependent apoptosis‐induction by YASML in the PRRSV‐infected MARC‐145, and TLR3‐dependent apoptosis‐induction by YASML was found to suppress PRRSV replication via the activation of caspase‐8 and caspase‐3 pathways, respectively. Meanwhile, activation of the caspase‐3 pathway seemed to be related to the downregulation of myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl‐1) expression. Our results showed that YASML‐induced TLR3‐dependent apoptosis could be blocked by a pan‐caspase inhibitor and small interfering RNA against TLR3. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that YASML exerts its anti‐PRRSV effect by activating the caspase‐8/caspase‐3 signaling pathway and by negatively regulating Mcl‐1 expression. These findings not only provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of YASML inhibition of PRRSV replication via the TLR3‐dependent apoptosis pathway but also suggest potential, new antiviral drugs by expressing caspase‐3 or down expressing Mcl‐1.