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Bacteriophages: an overview of the control strategies against multiple bacterial infections in different fields
Author(s) -
Jamal Muhsin,
Bukhari Sayed M. A. U. S.,
Andleeb Saadia,
Ali Muhammad,
Raza Sana,
Nawaz Muhammad A.,
Hussain Tahir,
Rahman Sadeeq u.,
Shah Syed S. A.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of basic microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.58
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1521-4028
pISSN - 0233-111X
DOI - 10.1002/jobm.201800412
Subject(s) - phage therapy , bacteriophage , lytic cycle , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , lysogenic cycle , lysin , erwinia , bacterial virus , escherichia coli , temperateness , salmonella , bacteria , virulence , virology , yersinia , capsid , virus , genetics , gene
Bacteriophages (phages/viruses) need host bacteria to replicate and propagate. Primarily, a bacteriophage contains a head/capsid to encapsidate the genetic material. Some phages contain tails. Phages encode endolysins to hydrolyze bacterial cell wall. The two main classes of phages are lytic or virulent and lysogenic or temperate. In comparison with antibiotics, to deal with bacterial infections, phage therapy is thought to be more effective. In 1921, the use of phages against bacterial infections was first demonstrated. Later on, in humans, phage therapy was used to treat skin infections caused by Pseudomonas species. Furthermore, phages were successfully employed against infections in animals – calves, lambs, and pigs infected with Escherichia coli . In agriculture, for instance, phages have successfully been used e.g., Apple blossom infection, caused by Erwinia amylovora , was effectively catered with the use of bacteriophages. Bacteriophages were also used to control E. coli , Salmonella , Listeria , and Campylobacter contamination in food. Comparatively, phage display is a recently discovered technology, whereby, bacteriophages play a significant role. This review is an effort to collect almost recent and relevant information regarding applications and complications associated with the use of bacteriophages.