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Biodegradation of chlorpyrifos by bacterial genus Pseudomonas
Author(s) -
Gilani Razia Alam,
Rafique Mazhar,
Rehman Abdul,
Munis Muhammad Farooq Hussain,
Rehman Shafiq ur,
Chaudhary Hassan Javed
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of basic microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.58
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1521-4028
pISSN - 0233-111X
DOI - 10.1002/jobm.201500336
Subject(s) - chlorpyrifos , pesticide , pseudomonas putida , biodegradation , pseudomonas , microorganism , biology , microbial biodegradation , environmental chemistry , toxicology , bacteria , chemistry , ecology , genetics
Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphorus pesticide commonly used in agriculture. It is noxious to a variety of organisms that include living soil biota along with beneficial arthropods, fish, birds, humans, animals, and plants. Exposure to chlorpyrifos may cause detrimental effects as delayed seedling emergence, fruit deformities, and abnormal cell division. Contamination of chlorpyrifos has been found about 24 km from the site of its application. There are many physico‐chemical and biological approaches to remove organophosphorus pesticides from the ecosystem, among them most promising is biodegradation. The 3,5,6‐trichloro‐2‐pyridinol (TCP) and diethylthiophosphate (DETP) as primary products are made when chlorpyrifos is degraded by soil microorganisms which further break into nontoxic metabolites as CO 2 , H 2 O, and NH 3 . Pseudomonas is a diversified genus possessing a series of catabolic pathways and enzymes involved in pesticide degradation. Pseudomonas putida MAS‐1 is reported to be more efficient in chlorpyrifos degradation by a rate of 90% in 24 h among Pseudomonas genus. The current review analyzed the comparative potential of bacterial species in Pseudomonas genus for degradation of chlorpyrifos thus, expressing an ecofriendly approach for the treatment of environmental contaminants like pesticides.