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Characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates and their differential toxicity against Helicoverpa armigera populations
Author(s) -
Anitha Deepak,
Kumar Nachimuthu Senthil,
Vijayan Deepu,
Ajithkumar Kunhikrishnan,
Gurusubramanian Guruswami
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of basic microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.58
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1521-4028
pISSN - 0233-111X
DOI - 10.1002/jobm.201000141
Subject(s) - bacillus thuringiensis , helicoverpa armigera , biology , veterinary medicine , subspecies , spore , lepidoptera genitalia , microbiology and biotechnology , botany , bacteria , ecology , genetics , medicine
Bacillus thuringiensis isolates were characterized in rhizospheric cotton soils by using acetate selection process from eight different locations in South India. The fact that B. thuringiensis indices were higher in proportion in soil samples taken from Tamil Nadu and Karnataka than from Andhra Pradesh, indicates the abundance of B. thuringiensis populations in the cotton rhizosphere. Biochemical typing of the isolates designated eight local isolates (BtNg13, BtCo1, BtHyb7, BtAm2, BtRm5, BtWr3, BtPl 4, BtN 9), which belong to subspecies kurstaki , the most prevalent subspecies. Toxicity assays on American boll worm larval ( F 1 ) populations collected from the Andhra Pradesh, Bangalore and Coimbatore regions, with a susceptible insect strain against different isolates of B. thuringiensis kurstaki spore‐crystal mix, revealed distinct susceptibility patterns and specificity. The highest susceptibility was observed in the F 1 populations of Coimbatore, followed by Bangalore and Hyderabad populations, in comparison with the susceptible insect strain. Significant differences were observed ( p < 0.0005 and CD = 5.3975) among Btk local isolates, H. armigera biotypes, Btk spore‐crystal mix concentration and their interactions, through the Multifactorial ANOVA analysis. The toxicity of local B. thuringiensis isolates was higher than that of HD‐1 (reference B.t.k strain). Indigenous Btk isolates have an enormous potential for the management of H. armigera in terms of development of resistance to HD‐1. The present study would serve as a baseline data for future resistance monitoring of B. thuringiensis strains in H. armigera in Southern India. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)